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This file contains morphological and lexicographic annotations for the Rigveda. It was created in the DFG-funded research project Vedaweb and used as source data for the linguistic research platform v…

This file contains morphological and lexicographic annotations for the Rigveda. It was created in the DFG-funded research project Vedaweb and used as source data for the linguistic research platform vedaweb.uni-koeln.de. Prof. Dr. Paul Widmer and Dr. Salvatore Scarlata from the "Institut für Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft" (Universität Zürich) provided the VedaWeb project a Filemaker file that was later transformed in Cologne into an Excel file. This data contained a version of the Rigveda by Prof. Dr. A. Lubotsky ("Indo-European Linguistics", Leiden University) that had been morphosytactically annotated over the course of more than 10 years at the University of Zurich. It also contained for each token, if available, a reference to an entry in Grassmann's dictionary for the Rigveda.   Modifications made by Jakob Halfmann and Natalie Korobzow to the data in 2020: Disambiguation of the relevant categories, if unspecified in Zurich data, according to the Grassmann dictionary (updates from 6th edition partially included up to page 274): case, gender and number for nouns, pronouns (columns G–I) number, person, mood, tense and voice for verbs (columns I–M) up to line 109216 case, gender, number, tense and voice for participles (columns G–I, L–M) up to line 109216 absolutives are marked as Abs. in columns N and V Inconsistencies between the original file from Zurich and the Grassmann dictionary as well as internal inconsistencies in Grassmann are noted in column AE, whenever they were noticed. Zurich data was overwritten by conflicting Grassmann data in columns G–M but retained elsewhere. Verb classes according to Whitney (1885) and Jamison (1983) for class 10 in column Y, differences in root spelling between Whitney and Grassmann are noted in column Z. All potential verb classes provided by Whitney are given for every occurrence of the root. Local particles and verbal forms containing them are marked as LP in column AF. Comparatives and superlatives are marked as such in column X and desideratives as Des. in column Y.   Modifications made by Anna Fischer (data transformation, technical realisation) to the data: New structure of data table for linguistic annotations with new column titles: A - "VERS_NR": renamed column (from "belege::stelleMMSSSRR") B - "PADA_NR": renamed column (from "belege::pada") C - "PADA_TEXT_LUBOTSKY": renamed column (from "belege::lubotskypada") D - "TOKEN_NR_VERS": renamed column (from "belege::wortnummer rc") E - "TOKEN_NR_PADA": renamed column (from "belege::wortnummer pada") F - "FORM": renamed column (from "belege::form") G - "KASUS": renamed column (from "belege::kasus") H - "GENUS": renamed column (from "belege::genus") I - "NUMERUS": renamed column (from "belege::numerus") J - "PERSON": renamed column (from "belege::person") K - "TEMPUS": moved and renamed column (from L "belege::tempus") L - "PRAESENSKLASSE": created new column for present stem class for each form M - "LEMMA_PRAESENSKLASSEN": created column for present stem classes of respective lemma: Moved and renamed column (from Y "formen::zusätzliche merkmale verb"), moved values "Abs." and "Inf." to column P "INFINIT", moved values "Prek." and "si-Ipv." to column N "MOOD", moved value "Des." to column Q "ABGELEITETE_KONJUGATION": moved value "se-Form" to column W "WEITERE_WERTE" N - "MODUS": moved and renamed column (from K "belege::modus") O - "DIATHESE": moved and renamed column (from M "belege::diathese") P - "INFINIT": created new column for infinite forms "Abs.", "Inf.", "Ptz.", "ta-Ptz.", "na-Ptz." Q - "ABGELEITETE_KONJUGATION": created new column for secondary conjugation "Des.", "Int.", "Kaus." R - "GRADUS": created new column for degree: "Comp.", "Sup." S - "LOKALPARTIKEL": moved and renamed column (from AF "LP") T - "LEMMA_ZÜRICH": moved and renamed column (from AA "lemmata klassisch::lemma") U - "LEMMA_ZÜRICH_LEMMATYP": moved and renamed column (from AB "lemmata klassisch::lemmatyp") V - "LEMMA_ZÜRICH_BEDEUTUNG": moved and renamed column (from AC "lemmata klassisch::bedeutung") W - "WEITERE_WERTE": created new column for all miscellaneous values: e.g. "Hyperchar.", "n-haltig", "se-Form" X - "KOMMENTAR": created new column merging former columns Z "formen::HELPformbestimmung", AD "lemmata klassisch::HELPbedeutung" and AE "anmerkungen abweichungen" Columns that were removed due to redundant information: "formen::zusätzliche merkmale nomen": values "superlative" And "comparative" were renamed "sup." and "comp." and moved to new column R "GRADUS", all other values were moved to new column for miscellaneous W "WEITERE_WERTE" "belege::belegbestimmung summe simpel": values "Ptz.", "ta-Ptz." and "na-Ptz." were moved to new new column P "INFINIT" "belege::kasus bestof" "belege::genus bestof" "belege::numerus bestof" "belege::person bestof" "belege::modus bestof" "belege::tempus bestof" "belege::diathese bestof" "belege::belegbestimmung bestof summe sophistiziert"   Revisions and additions made by Antje Casaretto to the data in 2023: F-T: - revision and correction (wherever necessary) of all annotations (books 1-7) G,H,I - disambiguation of case forms, reg. pronouns and nominal forms, if unspecified in Zurich data (books 1-7) L - disambiguation of present stem classes (book 7 and book 1 up to line 21050 vers 01.125.01) M - disambiguation of denominal verbs from primary verbs of the 10th class (books 1-10) N - disambiguation of precative and optative forms wherever possible (books 1-7) Q - new annotations for "Int." (intensives) and "Kaus." (causatives) (books 1-7)   Revisions and additions made by Antje Casaretto to the data in 2024 with support in data modeling and automation by Anna Fischer: F-T: revision and correction (wherever necessary) of all annotations (books 8-10) G,H,I: disambiguation of case and gender forms in nominal and pronominal forms, if unspecified in Zurich data (books 8-10) L, M: disambiguation of present stem classes (books 1-10) N: disambiguation of precative and optative forms wherever possible (books 8-10) P: new annotations for "Gdv." (gerundives) Q: new annotations for "Den." (denominatives) (books 1-10) and further annotations of “Kaus.” (causatives) and “Int.” (intensives) (books 8-10) T: revision of lemmatization (books 1-10) V: update of meanings according to revised lemmatization; minimal revision W: revised annotation of ending -se (“se-Form”) (books 1-10); no systematic revision X: no systematic revision A-U: general revision of formal inconsistencies and typing errors (book 1-10)   Revisions made by Natalie Korobzov and Pascal Coenen to the data in 2024 with computational support by Anna Fischer: Y - "LEMMA_GRASSMANN_ID": new column for references to Grassmann dictionary (books 1-10) and revision of Grassmann references

Code and processed data accompanying the JGR-Oceans submission.

Galvezia leucantha subsp. leucantha is a critically endangered endemic plant of the Galápagos Islands that has suffered drastic population declines due to introduced herbivores and habitat degradation…

Galvezia leucantha subsp. leucantha is a critically endangered endemic plant of the Galápagos Islands that has suffered drastic population declines due to introduced herbivores and habitat degradation. By 2007, only six individuals remained on northern Isabela Island. In response, the Charles Darwin Foundation, through its Galápagos Verde 2050 Program, implemented a long-term conservation strategy aimed at restoring viable wild populations. This study aimed to support the recovery of this subspecies by combining ex situ propagation with in situ restoration and reintroduction. Morphological traits were documented through high-resolution dissection plates. Seed viability and germination were tested under different pretreatment and substrate conditions. Seedling growth, flowering phenology, and transplant survival were monitored to identify key criteria for restoration success. G. leucantha subsp. leucantha exhibits distinct floral traits, and this study provides the first standarized and detailed visual record documenting its floral morphology. Seed viability reached a maximum of 52.9% when water-treated and recently collected seeds were used. Sodium hypochlorite (3%) significantly improved germination. However, no statistically significant effect on seed viability was detected, and the available data remain insufficient to determine its impact conclusively. Seedlings showed biphasic growth, reaching heights ≥ 60 cm—identified as the minimum threshold for successful outplanting. From 2017 to 2024, 94 nursery-grown plants were outplanted to Playa Tortuga Negra and Caleta Tagus and continuously monitored for subsequent survival. Flowering (October–January) and natural seedling recruitment were recorded at both sites. This study shows how integrating ex situ propagation, monitoring, and adaptive reintroduction can support the recovery of narrowly distributed island endemics. This approach increased the wild adult population to 20 individuals and successfully re-established a second population at a site where the species had been previously extirpated.

Telomeric sequences in the insect infraorder Nepomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) have previously been characterized only in the basal superfamily Nepoidea, where the canonical arthropod motif (TTAGG)n…

Telomeric sequences in the insect infraorder Nepomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) have previously been characterized only in the basal superfamily Nepoidea, where the canonical arthropod motif (TTAGG)n was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The telomeric repeat composition of the remaining Nepomorpha superfamilies remained unknown. Using TREW, a tool for de novo identification of candidate telomeric sequences from short-read whole-genome sequencing data, we screened 32 publicly available NCBI datasets representing 24 genera and all 13 Nepomorpha families. The method was validated against species with known (TTAGG)n telomeres in Nepoidea, successfully recovering the expected motif. In Corixoidea, (TTAGG)n was uniformly identified as the best candidate for telomeric sequence across all eight species of three families – Corixidae, Diaprepocoridae and Micronectidae. In contrast, derived 10-bp motifs were recovered from the remaining four superfamilies: (TGGTTAGTGA)n and (TGGTTAGTGT)n in Ochteroidea, (TGGATAGGTG)n and (TGGATAGGAG)n in Naucoroidea (including Aphelocheiridae and Potamocoridae), and (TGGATAGGGT)n uniformly across Notonectoidea and Pleoidea. All derived decamers except those from Ochteroidea share the core octamer TGGATAGG. The retention of (TTAGG)n in the two basal superfamilies and the occurrence of derived decamers in more derived clades are congruent with most current phylogenetic hypotheses for Nepomorpha and support independent evolution of 10-bp motifs within the infraorder. The presence of an identical candidate for telomeric sequence – (TGGATAGGGT)n in Notonectoidea and Pleoidea provides additional support for their close phylogenetic relationship and might be a synapomorphy for this clade. These findings extend the known pattern of telomeric diversification within Heteroptera to Nepomorpha and demonstrate the utility of short-read archival data for taxonomic surveys of telomeric composition.

A new species of Loganiaceae, Mitreola brachypoda W.W.Pan, F.G.Deng & C.Xiong, from the karst regions of south-eastern Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphological…

A new species of Loganiaceae, Mitreola brachypoda W.W.Pan, F.G.Deng & C.Xiong, from the karst regions of south-eastern Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to M. bullata Y.S.Chen & J.J.Liao, but can be easily distinguished by a combination of characteristics, including the texture and shape of leaf blades, the type of inflorescence and corolla tube, the length of petiole, peduncle, corolla tube and lobes, as well as the colour of lateral veins and corolla. At present, only one population of approximately 30–40 mature individuals has been confirmed from the type locality. The species is provisionally assessed as Data Deficient (DD) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

A new species, Campylotropis anningensis L.S. Jiang, E.D. Liu & Bo Xu bis, is described and illustrated. It is similar to C. argentea, C. pinetorum, and C. sulcata, but can be distinguished by its…

A new species, Campylotropis anningensis L.S. Jiang, E.D. Liu & Bo Xu bis, is described and illustrated. It is similar to C. argentea, C. pinetorum, and C. sulcata, but can be distinguished by its ascending white-pubescent branchlets; ovate, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate stipules; elliptic, narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate leaflets with appressed white-sericeous hairs on the abaxial surface; axillary and terminal racemes with white-pubescent and glandular hairs; lanceolate bracts; longer standard and wings; vexillary stamen connate to the staminal tube only at the base; and obliquely ovate legumes that are densely ascending-pilose. Phylogenomic analysis based on 1,233 single-copy nuclear genes (SCGs) confirms that this new species is distinct from morphologically similar taxa. Conservation status of this species is assessed as Least Concern (LC) according to IUCN Red List criteria.

Code for paper "Neural racing accumulator model estimation with lightweight monotonic flows".

The genus Ptochoryctis Meyrick, 1894 is revised and reinstated in the Xyloryctidae (previously treated in Autostichidae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. A fuller description is provided…

The genus Ptochoryctis Meyrick, 1894 is revised and reinstated in the Xyloryctidae (previously treated in Autostichidae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. A fuller description is provided of the morphology of all the species previously described in Ptochoryctis which are not combined elsewhere. The following new species of Ptochoryctis are described: Ptochoryctis blanchella sp. nov., P. caputanatis sp. nov., P. draconella sp. nov., P. flavalbella sp. nov., P. fuscilinea sp. nov., P. kitchingi sp. nov., P. marmorella sp. nov., P. minimella sp. nov., P. persicotincta sp. nov., P. ochraceella sp. nov., P. robinsoni sp. nov. and P. splendidella sp. nov. Deloryctis Meyrick, 1934 is synonymised with Ptochoryctis. The following new combinations are established: Ptochoryctis corticivora (Meyrick, 1934), comb. nov. (which is consequently transferred from Depressariidae to Xyloryctidae), Metathrinca alma (Meyrick, 1908), comb. nov., M. inviolata (Meyrick, 1925), comb. nov., M. ochrograpta (Meyrick, 1923), comb. nov.; and M. perigramma (Meyrick, 1926), comb. nov.

Ushbu maqolada hududlarni iqtisodiy rivojlantirishning asosiy maqsad va vazifalari yoritilgan bo‘lib, ayniqsa, hududiy rivojlanish jarayonida qo‘llaniladigan muhim ko‘rsatk…

Ushbu maqolada hududlarni iqtisodiy rivojlantirishning asosiy maqsad va vazifalari yoritilgan bo‘lib, ayniqsa, hududiy rivojlanish jarayonida qo‘llaniladigan muhim ko‘rsatkichlar tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada hududlarning iqtisodiy salohiyatini oshirish, resurslardan oqilona foydalanish, investitsiyalarni jalb etish, ishlab chiqarish infratuzilmasini rivojlantirish kabi masalalar chuqur ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, hududiy farovonlikni ta’minlashda ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy indikatorlarning o‘rni va ularni samarali qo‘llash mexanizmlari ham tahlil etilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari hududiy rejalashtirishda strategik yondashuvni shakllantirish uchun amaliy ahamiyatga ega.

Five species in two genera of the tribe Artonini Tarmann, 1994 (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Procridinae), are recorded from Korea. A new species of the genus Amuria, viz. Amuria baei Bayarsaikhan & E…

Five species in two genera of the tribe Artonini Tarmann, 1994 (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Procridinae), are recorded from Korea. A new species of the genus Amuria, viz. Amuria baei Bayarsaikhan & Efetov, sp. nov., is described. Illustrations of the adults and genitalia of recorded Korean species of the tribe Artonini are provided, with a checklist of all known Korean zygaenid species, following the classification of Efetov and Tarmann (2024).