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FIGURE 37. Apioscelis bulbosa, female from Tonantins, Brazil. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, lateral view; C. Habitus, ventral view; D. Specimen label.

FIGURE 36. Apioscelis bulbosa, male genitalia of the specimen from Tonantins, Brazil. A. Dorsal view; B. Diagram of A; C. Lateral view; D. Ventral view.

Pseudoproscopia taka Queiroz & Heleodoro sp. nov.Figs. 97A–G; 98A–DExamined material. Holotype ♂: [Brazil], “ Pará, Itaituba, Rio Tapajós ” (MZUSP).Parat…

Pseudoproscopia taka Queiroz & Heleodoro sp. nov.Figs. 97A–G; 98A–DExamined material. Holotype ♂: [Brazil], “ Pará, Itaituba, Rio Tapajós ” (MZUSP).Paratype: [Brazil], “ Pará, Novo Progresso ” (1♂ MPEG).Etymology. The species name comes from the Tupi-Guarani word “takã,” meaning twig, alluding to the body shape of these insects.Diagnosis. Posterior femur reaching the base of tergite 5 (Fig. 97). Phallic complex with very translucent branch of lophi (Figs. 98A–B). Ectophallic valves projecting in the apical portion, slightly emarginated medially (Fig. 98A). Distal sac laterally with very large, circular dark brown pigmentation (Fig. 98C). Proximal sac with anterior opening directed anteriorly, with many small denticles (Fig. 98C).Description. ♂ (Figs. 97A–G; 98A–D) Slender body, dark brown on the head, chest, and abdomen, and lighter brown on the legs when dry. Ranging from 8.4 to 8.6 cm in length.Head. With slight constriction below the eye in dorsal view (Fig. 97A). Gena uniformly brown (Fig. 97C). Eye 1.5 times wider than the smallest width of the head in dorsal view (Fig. 97A). Thorax. Prothorax 4.2 times longer than meso- and metathorax combined (Fig. 97A). Posterior femur reaching the base of the tergite 5 (Fig. 97A). Posterior tibia with 11 antero- and posterodorsal spines (Fig. 97A). Abdomen. Abdominal segments 8–10 with inconspicuous setae (Figs. 97A–B). Tergite 9 in lateral view with slightly sinuous dorsal margin; slender posterior margin (Fig. 97F). Tergite 10 with medially emarginated dorsal margin (Fig. 97F). Sternite 8 1.5 times shorter than sternite 9 (Fig. 97F). Genitalia. Transverse sclerite slender, with concave anterior and posterior margins (Figs. 98A–B). Lophi with slender branch, very translucent, irregularly shaped; hook pointing anteriorly (Figs. 98A– B). Phallotreme conspicuous (Fig. 98A). Ectophallic valves projecting in the apical portion, slightly emarginated medially (Fig. 98A). Distal sac laterally with very large, circular dark brown pigmentation (Fig. 98C). Proximal sac with anterior opening directed anteriorly, with many small denticles (Fig. 98C). Membranous ejaculatory duct, with anterior portion inside the proximal sac; fringed with the apical portion becoming very tapered (Fig. 98D).Comments. ♀ unknown. Pseudoproscopia taka sp. nov. can be distinguished from the others by the presence of the dark, wide, circular spot in the distal sac. Furthermore, it is the only one that has an irregularly shaped branch of lophi and an anteriorly oriented proximal sac.Geographical records. BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manicoré (Fig. 94).

FIGURE 35. Body parts of Apioscelis bulbosa, male from Tonantins, Brazil. A. Fastigium, dorsal view; B. Diagram of A; C. Head, lateral view; D. Metascutum, dorsal view; E. Diagram of D.

Pseudoproscopia scabra (Klug, 1820)Figs. 95A–C; 96A–FProscopia scabra Klug, 1820Proscopia rostrata Klug, 1820Proscopia parallela Walker, 1870Pseudoproscopia scabra; Bentos-Pereira (2006b)E…

Pseudoproscopia scabra (Klug, 1820)Figs. 95A–C; 96A–FProscopia scabra Klug, 1820Proscopia rostrata Klug, 1820Proscopia parallela Walker, 1870Pseudoproscopia scabra; Bentos-Pereira (2006b)Examined material. Holotype ♀ (pres. desig.): “ Syntypus ”, “2218”, “Scabra Pará Sieber ”, “ BA000614 S01 DORSA” (MfN).Diagnosis. Fastigium very wide in all views, with apex slightly wider than base; in dorsal view slightly convex, seemingly truncated (Figs. 96A–C). Third pair of valves very wide, with, with dorsal margin conspicuously emarginating towards apex (Fig. 96E). Basivalvular sclerite ellipsoid, with constant width (Fig. 96E).Description. ♀ (Figs 95A–C; 96A–F). Coloration only known from dry specimen, which mostly light brown with darker areas on the thorax and abdomen (Figs. 95A–C). Head. Slightly rugose, slightly widened at the occipital margin (Figs. 96A–B). Fastigium very wide in all views, with apex slightly wider than base; in dorsal view slightly convex, seemingly truncated; nearly reaches the apical margin of the last antennomere (Figs. 96A–C). Gena gradually lightens in color towards the mouthparts (Figs. 96B–C). Transverse crest of the frons with conspicuous punctuations (Fig. 96C); subocular suture inconspicuous. Thorax. Prothorax cylindrical, slightly granular, 2.5 times longer than meso- and metathorax combined (Figs. 95A–B). Pleurosternal suture conspicuous (Fig. 95B). Mesoscutum with straight anterior margin; convex lateral margin that widens from base to apex, posterior margin convex (Fig. 95A). Metascutum with sinuous anterior margin; lateral margin nearly straight; posterior margin medially emarginated (Fig. 95A). Prosternum with two parallel vertical lines in the first and second halves. Meso- and metasternum rugose, with small granules, with anterior margin straight, lateral conspicuously sinuous, posterior margin straight (Fig. 95C). Anterior and middle leg with small spines on all margins (Figs. 95A–C). Anterior half of the posterior femur slightly widened (Fig. 95B). Posterior tibia with 9 anterodorsal spines and 15 posterodorsal spines. Abdomen. Tergite 1 rugose, trapezoidal (Fig. 95A). Tergites 2–7 rectangular in dorsal view, with all margins straight, gradually decreasing in length and width (Fig. 95A). Tergite 8 recntagular in dorsal view (Fig. 96D). Tergite 9 subtrapezoidal, with anterior margin much shorter than posterior margin; posterior margin sinuous (Fig. 96E). Tergite 10 narrow, gradually widening towards the apex (Fig. 89G). Epiproct very wide, forming a conspicuous border (Fig. 89F). Sternite 1 rugose. Sternites 2–7 rectangular in ventral view, with all straight margins, gradually decreasing in length and width. Subgenital plate with the shape of the genus, with longitudinal medial spots (Fig. 96F). Third pair of valves very wide, with, with dorsal margin conspicuously emarginating towards apex (Fig. 96E). Basivalvular sclerite ellipsoid, with constant width (Fig. 96E).Comments. This species is now being redescribed based on the holotype specimen. It is important to highlight that Klug (1820) only mentions a single specimen for the description he used, which is the same we are providing images and we know it from the matching data in the label, same as disclosed in the original work. Furthermore, the description mentions the antenna and this is the only specimen with an antenna. There is other specimens in the MfN collection that are attributed as syntypes of Pseudoproscopia scabra. However, as the author only explicitly cited one specimen and for the reasons above, these should not be regarded as types. The “ syntype ” labels does not seem to be from the original author, as they were printed instead of handwritten. As in Proscopia, several authors attempted to describe males of this species and resulted in several synonyms. Due to this, all of the synonyms must be revised in the future, as they are very likely to belong to other species.Geographical records. BRAZIL, Pará (Fig. 94)

FIGURE 34. Apioscelis bulbosa, male from Tonantins, Brazil. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, lateral view; C. Habitus, ventral view; D. Specimen label.

FIGURE 33. Geographical records of Apioscelis species.

FIGURE 32. Pair of Apioscelis bulbosa (Scudder, 1869) (photograph by Diego Mendes, 2023).

FIGURE 31. Andinascopia davidcastanedai comb. nov., male genitalia. A. Dorsal view against a white background to highlight sclerotized structures; B. Dorsal view against a black background to highligh…

FIGURE 31. Andinascopia davidcastanedai comb. nov., male genitalia. A. Dorsal view against a white background to highlight sclerotized structures; B. Dorsal view against a black background to highlight membranous structures; C. Ventral view; D. Endophallus, anterior view; E. Lateral view; F. Ejaculatory duct.