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Jujubinus swinneni Mariottini, Oliverio & Smriglio sp. nov.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 12A01241-73C7-4798-B44D-4BF13D21A1C5SSH V – Fig. 6P–RJujubinus gravinae sensu Rolán & Sw…

Jujubinus swinneni Mariottini, Oliverio & Smriglio sp. nov.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 12A01241-73C7-4798-B44D-4BF13D21A1C5SSH V – Fig. 6P–RJujubinus gravinae sensu Rolán & Swinnen 2009: figs 33–39, and sensu Hernández et al. 2011: 428, figs 14a–e (not Dautzenberg, 1881)DiagnosisShell of medium size for the genus, solid, 5–6 spaced spiral cords, elevated, granulose, wide interspaces like the cords, with strong prosocline lamellae, peripheral cord very evident, high height/width ratio.EtymologyThe species is named after our friend Frank Swinnen, for his help in finding specimens of Jujubinus.Type materialHolotype CANARY ISLANDS • lv (height 6.5 mm, width 4.8 mm); Gran Canaria, Arinaga; 27°51′21.24″ N, 15°23′46.61″ W; 25 Jan. 2016; low tide, amidst weeds, on rocky plateau with small stones; F. Swinnen and Martin Coysman leg.; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2000-40309 (ex BAU2944.1).Paratypes CANARY ISLANDS • 1 dd; same data as for holotype; MNHN-IM-2000-403010 (paratype 1) • 1 dd; same data as for holotype; MCZR-00094 /P (paratype 2) • 16 lv; same data as for holotype; used for DNA sequencing; BAU2944.2 to BAU2944.5, BAU2945.1 to BAU2945.5, BAU2946.1, BAU2947.1 to BAU2947.4, BAU2948.1, BAU2948.2 (paratypes 3–18) • 8 lv; same data as for holotype; CS-PM (paratypes 19–26) • 4 lv; same data as for holotype; FS (paratypes 27–30).Other material examinedCANARY ISLANDS • 8 dd; Tenerife, Punta de Teno; on stones at low tide; CS-PM • 30 dd; Gran Canaria, Meloneras; low tide; CS-PM • 5 dd; unprecised locality; “Canarie! D. Tomlin 1919”; MCZR-M-11761. MADEIRA • 20 dd; unprecised locality; “ Madera ”, ex Watson collection, labelled as “ Mirulinus watsoni ”; MCZR-M-11715 • 5 dd.; unprecised locality; ex Watson collection; MCZR-M-11715 • 3 dd; unprecised locality; “ Madera ”, ex Nobre collection; MCZR-M-11715.Description (in parentheses data of the holotype)SHELL. Shell of medium size for the genus, height 5.2–6.7 (6.5) mm, width 4.1–4.8 (4.8) mm, height/ width ratio 1.20–1.35, conical, shiny in type material. Protoconch of ca 1 whorl 0.23–0.24 (0.24) mm in width, sculptured by one spiral thread. Teleoconch of 5.5–6.0 (5.5) slightly convex whorls. Sculpture of 4–6 (6) spaced abapical spiral cords, smooth or slightly grainy, of about the same strength, and a very evident peripheral cord, slightly shouldered, formed by 4–6 (4) merged cordlets. Fine prosocline growth striae and lamellae, particularly in the interspaces. Suture incised. Base convex and rounded, with 6–7 (7) regularly spaced, flat basal spiral cords; umbilicus closed also in juveniles, covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular, with the columellar callus thickened in the lower portion. Interior of the aperture whitish, greyish-greenish, nacreous.COLOURATION. Colour of protoconch and initial teleoconch whorls whitish, remaining whorls and base bright greenish cream or greenish whitish; spiral cords with alternating spots, whitish or reddish or blackish sutural and peripheral cord articulated in black and white.SOFT PARTS. Observed in alcohol preserved specimens, no dark terminal strip observed on the creamy band of the snout.DistributionCanary Islands, all living specimens collected in the intertidal. The historical records from Madeira in the Monterosato collection need confirmation.RemarksJujubinus swinneni sp. nov. has been reported by Segers et al. (2009: 69, pl. 6 fig. 5) under the name Jujubinus vexationis, a distinct species probably endemic to Madeira. In the Monterosato collection are kept three vials, containing a total of 28 shells, of J. vexationis (probably all from Madeira) labelled “ J. watsoni ”, “ Mirulinus watsoni ”, and “ Trochus striatus ”, respectively. It has also been confused with J. gravinae (e.g., Rolán & Swinnen 2009: figs 33–39; Hernández et al. 2011: 428, fig. 14a–e). Poppe & Goto (1991) reported but did not figure J. gravinae from the Canary Islands (where it is actually absent) probably referring to J. swinneni. The confusion may have been caused by the colouration of J. swinneni that somehow mimics the sutural and peripheral sculpture of J. gravinae (see below). Jujubinus swinneni differs from J. vexationis in its less slender shell with a wider base and for the sculpture of regularly spaced cords similar in size, versus the more numerous and irregularly spaced ones of J. vexationis; additionally, the characteristic pattern with dull colours of the latter allows an easy separation. Jujubinus errinae (endemic to the Messina Strait) also presents a tuberculate sutural cord in the first teleoconch whorls, but with different colouration (spiral cords streaked with red) and marked sculpture (with strong prosocline lamellae in the interspaces) (Smriglio et al. 2016; Giacobbe & Renda 2019). See under J. gravinae for comparative remarks.

Jujubinus vexationis Curini-Galletti, 1990SSH IV – Fig. 6M–OJujubinus vexationis Curini-Galletti, 1990: 43, pl. 2 figs 5–8.DiagnosisShell of medium size for the genus, not very solid…

Jujubinus vexationis Curini-Galletti, 1990SSH IV – Fig. 6M–OJujubinus vexationis Curini-Galletti, 1990: 43, pl. 2 figs 5–8.DiagnosisShell of medium size for the genus, not very solid, 5–6 spaced spiral cords, elevated, broad interspaces with prosocline lamellae and fine growth lines, peripheral cord evident, high height/width ratio.Type materialHolotype MADEIRA • dd; Porto Moniz; 33° N, 17° W; DSAT (Pisa, Italy).Paratypes MADEIRA • 3 dd; same data as for holotype; DSAT (Pisa, Italy) (paratypes B–D) • 2 dd; same data as for holotype; labelled “ C. striatum L. Madeira”; MCZR-M-TYPE-00018 /P (paratypes A, E).Other material examinedMADEIRA • 34 lv; unprecised locality; MCZR-M-11715 • 1 dd; Porto Moniz; 1912; Tomlin leg.; MCZR-M-11684 • 14 dd; Madeira; MCG collection • 1 dd; unprecised locality; 1912; Tomlin leg.; MCZR-M-11684.Description (in parentheses data of the holotype)SHELL. Shell of medium size for the genus, height 6.5–8.0 (6.9) mm, width 5.0–6.0 (6.0) mm, height/ width ratio 1.15–1.33, conical, light. Protoconch seemingly smooth, of ca 1 whorl ca 0.20 mm in width. Teleoconch of 6–10 (7) slightly convex whorls. Sculpture of 5–6 (7) flat, spaced abapical spiral cords of about the same strength, and an evident peripheral cord formed by 2–3 (3) merged cordlets; peripheral cord visibly rippled on first two/tree whorls of teleoconch, flat on the others remaining. Suture incised. Teleoconch surface covered by barely visible prosocline growth striae, irregularly set. Base convex, with 5–6 (6) regularly spaced, basal spiral cords large and flat, umbilicus closed also in juveniles, covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular, with the columellar callus thickened in the middle portion. Interior of the aperture whitish, nacreous.paratype E, height 5.0 mm, Porto Moniz, Madeira Island. P–R. J. swinneni Mariottini, Oliverio & Smriglio sp. nov., MNHN-IM-2000-403009, holotype, height 6.5 mm, Arinaga (27°51′21.24″ N, 15°23′46.61″ W), Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, low tide, on rocky plateau with small stones (legit Frank Swinnen and Martin Coysman, 2016). S–T. J. baudoni (Monterosato, 1891), MCZR- 00218/L, lectotype, height 6.5 mm, Paulilles, France. U. J. baudoni, MCZR- 00218/P, paralectotype, height 4.7 mm, Paulilles, France. V–X. J. elenchoides Monterosato, 1884, CS-PM, height 7.4 mm, Daçta (Turkey), on P. oceanica, 15 m depth. Scale bars = 2 mm.COLOURATION. Colour of protoconch and initial teleoconch whorls greyish-whitish; remaining whorls and base cream with alternating dull pinkish-brownish-reddish longitudinal and opisthocline flammules of different size and irregularly arranged.SOFT PARTS. Not observed.DistributionMadeira (Curini-Galletti 1990; Cretella 1992), empty shells in shallow waters or beached.RemarksMonochrome specimens are known (Curini-Galletti 1990). Jujubinus vexationis can be distinguished from J. vulgaris, J. exasperatus and J. pseudogravinae by its spiral cords without tubercles and the interspaces furrowed by dense prosocline lines; additionally, J. vexationis has the sutural cord tuberculate in the first 2–3 teleoconch whorls, a feature never present in the three other species. See under J. gravinae, J. errinae Smriglio, Mariottini & Giacobbe, 2016 and J. superum sp. nov. for comparative remarks.

Jujubinus pseudogravinae Nordsieck, 1973SSH III – Fig. 6J–LJujubinus pseudogravinae Nordsieck, 1973: 12, fig. 3.DiagnosisShell of medium size for the genus, thick, 2–3 spaced spiral …

Jujubinus pseudogravinae Nordsieck, 1973SSH III – Fig. 6J–LJujubinus pseudogravinae Nordsieck, 1973: 12, fig. 3.DiagnosisShell of medium size for the genus, thick, 2–3 spaced spiral cords, elevated and granulated on the first whorls, broad interspaces with strong prosocline lamellae and obvious growth lines, less evident on the last whorls, peripheral cord evident, high height/width ratio.Type materialSyntype AZORES • 1 dd; S. Miguel, Ponta Delgada; SMF 341875.Other material examinedAZORES • 18 dd; unprecised locality; MCZR-M-11761 • 13 dd; S. Miguel, Cais da Ribeirinha; 10 m depth; on stones; CS-PM • 3 dd; Santa Cruz de Flores; tidal pools; MO • 2 lv; São Miguel Is., Caloura; 37°42′24″ N, 25°30′31″ W; 7 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 771.1, 771.3.MADEIRA • 34 dd; unprecised locality; labelled “ J. Madrensis Monts, copia a Issel”; MCZR-M-30087 • 6 dd; unprecised locality; MCZR-M-30087.MID ATLANTIC SEAMOUNTS •>200 dd; Gorringe Bank, Gettysburg; 36º31′ N, 11º34′ W; 71–88 m depth; MO.Description (in parentheses data of the syntype)SHELL. Shell of medium size for the genus, height 5.8–8.4 (5.0) mm, width 3.7–8.4 (3.9) mm, height/ width ratio 1.31–1.62, conical, solid. Protoconch, of ca 1.2 whorls 0.28–0.29 mm in width, sculptured with sparse micropustules. Teleoconch of 5.5–6.5 (5.5) slightly and solid convex whorls. Sculpture of 2–3 (3) abapical spiral cords of different size and strength and irregularly arranged, the first granulose, and a major peripheral cord formed by 3–5 (3) merged cordlets of different sizes. Suture incised. Teleoconch surface covered by barely visible prosocline growth striae, irregularly set. Base convex, with 7–10 (7) regularly spaced, basal spiral cords flat and well separated umbilicus closed also in juveniles, covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular, with the columellar callus thickened in the middle portion. Interior of the aperture whitish, nacreous.COLOURATION. Colour of protoconch and initial teleoconch whorls whitish; remaining whorls and base greyish or reddish, with alternating reddish and whitish spiral cords of different size, with the upper part of the brownish-reddish or whitish-reddish stripe dotted with white.SOFT PARTS. Epipodial tentacles purplish-brown. Foot cream to reddish-brownish, mottled with white and reddish blotches mostly on the posterior half; sole creamy whitish. Cephalic tentacles dark-brown dorsally, whitish ventrally. Eye stalks whitish or creamy ventrally, dorsally reddish, eyes black. Snout light or dark brown with a creamy terminal band.DistributionAzores Islands (Nordsieck 1973; Curini-Galletti 1982b; Gofas 2005; Ávila et al. 2006, 2011; Mariottini et al. 2013; Borges et al. 2016; Uribe et al. 2017; Scaillet & Delongueville 2019) and Gorringe Bank (new record); the records from Madeira based on historica materials need confirmation. Empty shells from a few metres to a depth of 80 m, but living specimens from shallower depth (7 m, our material).RemarksJujubinus pseudogravinae differs from J. exasperatus in its 2–3 spiral cords, of irregular shape and size, sculptured with coarse tubercles, occasionally visible on the first teleoconch whorl, v ersus spiral cords well separated by regular interspaces, sculptured with finer tubercles in J. exasperatus. Jujubinus vulgaris can be easily separated by its weaker and more regular sculpture, and by the colour, always with a cream or whitish background, very rarely present in J. pseudogravinae.

Jujubinus exasperatus (Pennant, 1777)SSH II – Fig. 6G–ITrochus exasperatus Pennant, 1777: 126, n. 105 (no figure).Jujubinus corallinus Monterosato, 1884: 46 (no figure).Jujubinus igneus St…

Jujubinus exasperatus (Pennant, 1777)SSH II – Fig. 6G–ITrochus exasperatus Pennant, 1777: 126, n. 105 (no figure).Jujubinus corallinus Monterosato, 1884: 46 (no figure).Jujubinus igneus Sturany, 1896: 30, fig. 2 (ex Monterosato ms).DiagnosisShell of large size for the genus, thick, elevated, 3–4 spaced spiral cords, elevated and granulated, broad interspaces with strong prosocline lamellae, peripheral cord evident, high height/width ratio, colour reddish with whitish sagittal flammule.Type materialTrochus exasperatus Pennant, 1777The original description was based on Martini Lister’s illustration (Martini Lister 1770: pl. 616 fig. a2) and the relevant material (from the type locality ‘England’: Martini Lister marked the figure with “A”, as for an English shell) is now lost (A. Salvador, Natural History Museum, pers. com., 28 Jul. 2015; M. Carnall, Oxford University Zoology Museum, pers. com. 18 May 2018). A neotype designation based on a genotyped English specimen is desirable to stabilize the use of the name.Syntypes of Jujubinus corallinus Monterosato, 1884 SICILY • 5 dd; Palermo; NMW.1910.29.02042.Syntypes of Jujubinus igneus Sturany, 1896 CROATIA • 3 dd; Pelagruza, Pola Expedition stn 260; 128 m depth; NHMW 72399.Other material examinedCANARY ISLANDS • 1 dd; Gran Canaria, Sardina; 20 m depth; MO.CORSICA • 1 lv; Miomo; 42°45.2′ N, 9°28.4′ E; 23 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-4178 • 2 lv; Minelli; 42°42.7′ N, 9°27.5′ E; 17 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-4711, 4713 • 1 lv; East Cap Corse; 42°53.6′ N, 9°30.3′ E; 40 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-4737 • 1 lv; La Louise, 42°41.4′ N, 9°27.2′ E, 19– 18 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5369 • 2 lv; Gulf de Saint-Florent; 42°44.1′ N, 9°19.3′ E; 60 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5677, 5887 • 2 lv; Ficaghjola; 42°41.4′ N, 9°27.1′ E; 18 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-6341, 6342 • 1 lv; North Cap Corse; 43°02.6′ N, 9°19.9′ E; 60 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-6377 • 1 lv; Est Ile Forana, 41°33.7′ N, 9°23.7′ E; 45–46 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-13063 • 1 lv; Tête de Cheval; 41°20.3′ N, 9°14.5′ E; 44 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-13551 • 1 lv; Cabo Di Feno; 41°23.4′ N, 9°06.2′ E; 37 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-13691 • 2 lv; Punta Di U Capicciolu; 41°25.7′ N, 9°15.9′ E; 12–36 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-14094, 14095 • 1 lv; Madonetta lighthouse; 41°23.2′ N, 9°08.4′ E, 37 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-14626 • 2 lv; Gulf de Girolata, 42°19.8′ N, 8°33.7′ E, 46– 46 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-16457, 16565 • 1 lv; South of Cargèse; 42°07.2′ N, 8°35.4′ E; 45–48 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-16897 • 1 lv; Punta Scandola; 42°20′ N, 8°33.6′ E; 35 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-17047 • 1 lv; N of Gargalo Is.; 42°22.3′ N, 8°32.4′ E; 26 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-17270 • 1 lv; Gulf de Girolata, Ruzaghiu; 42°20.6′ N, 8°34.9′ E; 60 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-17535 • 2 lv; Punta Palazzu; 42°22.8′ N, 8°33.2′ E; 50 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-17613, 17614 • 2 lv; Gulf de Girolata, Ruzaghiu; 42°20.6′ N, 8°34.9′ E; 60 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-17645, 17821.CROATIA • 27 dd; Velirat; “ Juj. Igneus v. coccinella Velirat 1910 tra laminarie e coralligeno”; MCZR-M-11733.CYPRUS • 5 dd; Agia Napa; Cape Greco; 34°58′49.0″ N, 34°01′02.0″ E; 3 m depth; MO.FRANCE • 1 lv; Brittany, Guérhéon, near Roscoff; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2067.5, 2067.6 • 5 lv; Brittany, Pointe de l’Arcouest, Ploubazlanec; 48°49′10″ N 3°00′26″ W; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2660.1 to 2660.5 • 3 dd; Brest; MCZR-M-11718 • 2 dd; St Lunaire; MCZR-M-11718 • 1 lv; Saint-Raphaël (Varo); BAU 2661.2 • 1 lv; La Ciotat, Calanque de Figuerolles; 36°34′18.7″ N, 26°30′14.3″ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM - 2013-32743 • 1 lv; Saint-Raphaël (Varo); used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2661.2.GREAT BRITAIN • 4 dd; England; MCZR-M-11718 • 8 dd; Guernsey I.; MCZR-M-11718 • 4 dd; Herm I.; MCZR-M-11749.GREECE • 1 dd.; Astypalea I.; 10 m depth; fishing nets; LT • 2 lv; Halkidiki, Marmaras; 40°04′46.2″ N, 23°45′48.7″ E; MNHN-IM-2013-32746, 32751 • 4 lv; Astypalea I., Analipsi; 36.575946° N, 26.393070° E; 0–1 m depth; Posidonia oceanica meadow; 28–30 Jun. 2017; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3040.1 to 3040.4 • 2 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3041.1, 3041.2 • 5 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3044.1 to 3044.4, 3044.6 • 1 lv; Astypalea I., Stenò; 36.574897° N, 26.367907° E; 2–8 m depth; Posidonia oceanica meadow; 29 Jun. 2017; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3043.ITALY • 1 lv; Elba I., Fetovaia; 42°43′58.1″ N, 10°09′13.1″ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2013-32663 • 1 dd; Elba I., Lacona; 5 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 3 dd; Elba I., Porto Azzurro Naregno; 3 m depth; bioclastic sediment; LT • 2 lv; Giglio I.; 42°22′7.82″ N, 10°55′5.11″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3-Jec3, RM3-Jec4 • 1 lv; Giglio I., Cala Cupa; 42°22′06″ N, 10°55′12″ E; BAU 2910.2 • 2 lv; Argentario, Secca del Corallo; 42°24′3.90″ N, 11°5′31.57″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3-Jec1, RM3-Jec2 • 6 dd; Santa Marinella; fishing nets Posidonia residues; LT • 20 dd; Santa Marinella; 20 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 8 dd; Torre Valdaliga; 25 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 2 lv; Secche di Tor Paterno MPA; 41°36′27.01″ N, 12°20′49.97″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3-Jec5, RM3-Jec6 • 1 dd; San Felice Circeo; fishing nets; LT • 3 dd; San Felice Circeo; fishing nets Posidonia residues; LT • 18 dd; Capo D’Anzio, 3 miles off; 40 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 4 lv; Giglio I.; 15 m depth; Posidonia; CS-PM • 7 lv; Giannutri I.; 15 m depth; Posidonia; CS-PM • 2 dd; Ventotene I.; 20 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 2 dd; Marina di Camerota; fishing boat; CS-PM • 16 dd; Porto Cesareo; 20 m depth; fishing nets; LT • 1 dd; Tricase Marina; 3 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 2 dd; Argentario, Capo d’Uomo; 35 m depth; MO • 2 dd; Giannutri I., Punta Secca; 35 m depth; MO • 10 dd; Tor Paterno MPA; 15–70 m depth; MO • 7 sh; Ventotene I.; 40 m depth; fishing nets residuals; MO • 1 dd; Ventotene I., Sconciglie shoal; 31 m depth; MO • 3 lv; Punta Prosciutto; 40°17′37″ N, 17°45′47″ E; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2658.2, 2658.3, 2658.5 • 2 lv; Torre Colimena; 40°17′40″ N, 017°45′20″ E; 2–7 m depth; Aug. 2007; under rocks; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 1726.1, 1726.3 • 1 lv; Scilla; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2357.1 • Santa Maria al Bagno; 40°07′40.9″ N, 17°59′37.5″ E; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3617 • 1 lv; S. Isidoro, Lecce; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3620.1.MALTA • 3 lv; Gozo I., Xlendi Bay; 10 m depth; Posidonia oceanica meadow; CS-PM.MOROCCO • 1 dd; Al Hoceima, Cala Iris; 15 m depth; MO.SARDINIA • 7 lv; Alghero; 40–80 m depth; fishing nets residuals; MO • 1 lv; Bonifacio Strait; 80 m depth; MO • 8 dd; Capo Caccia, ‘ Ennio Falco’ cave; 5–15 m depth; MO • 7 dd; Bosa Marina; 40 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 25 dd; La Maddalena I.; 25 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 4 dd; Asinara I., Punta La Nave; 15–30 m depth; MO • 5 dd; La Maddalena I.; 80 m depth; fishing nets; LT.SICILY • 10 dd; Lampedusa I.; 50 m depth; MO • 3 lv; Salina I.; 100–150 m depth; fishing nets residuals; MO • 4 dd; Lampedusa I.; 130 m depth; MO • 1 dd; Favignana I.; beached; CS-PM • 4 dd; Siracusa; 70 m depth; fishing nets residuals; MO • 6 dd; Levanzo I.; 31 m depth; MO • 171 dd; Palermo; “ J. igneus M. apud Sturany Palermo”, “ JuJ. Igneus Monts vide Sturany Zool. Ergebu. VII, 1896 p. 28, t. II, f. 45 Palermo”; unnumbered sample (Monterosato coll.) • 26 dd; Palermo; “ Sbarra ”, (locality in the Palermo area, currently not identifiable); MCZR-M-11723.SLOVENIJA • 1 lv; Izola; 45°32′51.4″ N, 13°42′12.9″ E; 4 m depth; on Posidonia meadow; used for DNA sequencing; RM3-Jec8.SPAIN • 1 dd; Alborán I., “Mediterraneo-92” stn ALB A; 35°56.94′ N, 003°00.90′ W; 32 m depth; MO • 18 dd; Getares, 4 km S of Algeciras; 20 m depth; LT • 1 lv; Almería; used for DNA sequencing; RM3- Jec7 • 5 lv; Torre de Calahonda, Cabopino; 36°28.3′ N, 4°42.4′ W; BAU 2666.1 to 2666.5.TURKEY • 3 dd; Dardanelles Channel; 65 m depth; CS-PM • 1 dd; Istanbul, Yesilkoy; 55 m depth; CS-PM • 2 dd; Dardanelles Channel; 65 m depth; CS-PM.DescriptionSHELL. Shell of large size for the genus, height 6.0– 12.2 mm, width 4.6–8.2 mm, height/width ratio 1.32– 1.78, conical, robust. Protoconch seemingly smooth, of ca 1 whorl, 280–290 μm in width. Teleoconch of 5.5–6.5 slightly convex whorls. Sculpture of 3–4 strong granulose spiral cords of about the same strength, regularly spaced, and a broad peripheral cord formed by 2–3 merged cordlets, very granulose; suture well-marked. Interspaces with strong prosocline lamellae regularly set. Base convex, with 6–8 concentric reddish and white spiral cords regularly spaced, umbilicus closed also in juveniles, covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular, with the columellar callus thickened in the middle portion. Interior of the aperture whitish or pinkish, nacreous.COLOURATION. Colour of protoconch and initial teleoconch whorls glossy red or pinkish; remaining whorls and base with alternating whitish-reddish spiral blotches more or less of the same size.SOFT PARTS. Epipodial tentacles rosy to reddish, densely covered by red speckles. Foot background reddish mottled with creamy irregularly shaped blotches containing white speckles, dorsally delimited by a brown streak, sole rosy. Cephalic tentacles reddish densely covered by red speckles, with a dorsal rosy stripe. Eye stalks reddish; eyes black encircled by white. Snout reddish with a creamy terminal band.DistributionAtlantic Ocean, from the British Isles to Morocco, Azores, Madeira, Selvagens and Canary Islands (e.g., Rolán 1983; Segers et al. 2009; Gofas et al. 2011; Hernández et al. 2011). Entire Mediterranean (e.g., Conti & Rossini 1985; Brunet Navarro & Capdevila 2005; Portalatina 2008; Albano & Sabelli 2009; Vazzana 2010; Manousis 2012; Donnarumma et al. 2018; Wölfling et al. 2019), living specimens from intertidal down to 60 m, occasionally (in very clear waters) down to 80–100 m deep (deeper records from fishing nets residuals need confirmation).RemarksSSH-I and SSH-II were already regarded as distinct species by Monterosato (who used the specific epithets corallinus and igneus for this species, referring to its most frequent colouration). However, most specialists of Mediterranean molluscs have pooled them into a single very polymorphic Trochus exasperatus. Pennant (1777: 126) based the description explicitly on Martini Lister’s figure in the Historiae Conchyliorum (Martini Lister 1770: pl. 616 fig. a2), which may apply to both species. However, the description (“ ruberrimus fasciis crebris exasperates ”) clearly indicates SSH-II, in its most typical morphotype, and Jujubinus vulgaris seems to be absent in Great Britain from where we have seen no record. Jujubinus exasperatus differs from J. vulgaris in its strongly tuberculate spiral cords and narrow interspaces vs weaker tubercles and broader interspaces in J. vulgaris; the colouration is also diagnostic, red-coralline or brownish background with whitish or yellowish vertical stripes in J. exasperatus, vs a cream or whitish background with all variation of vertical stripes and blotches (including reddish or brownish streaks) in J. vulgaris.

This artifact contains the VIPR (Verifying Integer Programming Results) certificates for every leaf MILP sub-problem generated while checking Chvátal's conjecture on a ground set of size 8, for…

This artifact contains the VIPR (Verifying Integer Programming Results) certificates for every leaf MILP sub-problem generated while checking Chvátal's conjecture on a ground set of size 8, for the search partition generated by partitioning to depth 20 using "symbreak".   The full search was carried out as a binary branch-and-bound tree over MILP relaxations. Every leaf of that tree (a node that was either terminal or pruned) has an associated `.vipr`/`.vipr_ori` certificate proving, in exact rational arithmetic, the correctness of the MILP result at that node. Together, the leaves of `temp/` and `term/` form a partition of the full search space: every node of the branch-and-bound tree is accounted for by exactly one leaf certificate.   ## Solver version and options   The leaf certificates were produced with an exact-arithmetic build of SCIP installed at `~/scipopt-exact`:   ``` SCIP version 11.0.0 [precision: 8 byte] [memory: block] [mode: optimized] [LP solver: SoPlex 9.0.0] [GitHash: c51ccbd7e4] ```   built from source (`scipopt/scip`, `master` branch) with exact rational solving enabled, via (see `install.sh`):   ``` cmake -S scip -B scip/build \   -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \   -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$PREFIX" \   -DSOPLEX_DIR="$PREFIX" \   -DEXACTSOLVE=on \   -DLPS=spx -DLPSEXACT=spx \   -DGMP=on -DMPFR=on \   -DIPOPT=off \   -DZIMPL=on -DZIMPL_DIR="$PREFIX" \   -DPAPILO=on -DPAPILO_DIR="$PREFIX" \   -DREADLINE=off ```   against a matching from-source SoPlex build (`-DGMP=on -DBOOST=on -DMPFR=on -DPAPILO=on`), all installed under `~/scipopt-exact`. The resulting binary's own reported build options (`scip -v`) are:   ``` ARCH=x86_64 OSTYPE=Linux-6.8.0-117-generic COMP=GNU 13.3.0 BUILD=Release CHECKSTAGE=AUTO CHECKNAME=AUTO DEBUGSOL=OFF EXPRINT=cppad SYM=snauty GMP=on CONOPT=OFF IPOPT=off WORHP=OFF LPS=spx LPSCHECK=OFF LTO=OFF NOBLKBUFMEM=OFF NOBLKMEM=OFF NOBUFMEM=OFF THREADSAFE=ON;FORCE READLINE=off SANITIZE=OFF SHARED=ON VERSION=11.0.0 API_VERSION=157 ZIMPL=on ZLIB=ON ```   Note that exact rational solving (`EXACTSOLVE=on` at compile time) is not listed by `scip -v`'s build-options block; it is confirmed instead by the `[precision: 8 byte]` marker in the version line above and by setting `exact/enable TRUE` at runtime (done in `read_scip.py`).   driven through PySCIPOpt 6.2.1, via `read_scip.py` with `exact/enable = True` and the `--good-options` flag, which sets:   ``` separating/gomory/freq = -1     # disable Gomory cut separation conflict/enable = FALSE         # disable conflict analysis ```   ## Contents   - `check_partition.py` — verifies that the nodes with proofs in `temp/` and   `term/` form a complete partition of the branch-and-bound tree recorded in   the run log. - `check_certificates.py` — re-runs `viprchk` on every `.vipr`/`.vipr_ori`   certificate found under a run directory, in parallel, and writes a   `.checklog` file next to each certificate plus a top-level   `certificate_check_summary.json`. - `H20_partition.log` — the run log for partition H20 (branch/prune trace),   consumed by `check_partition.py` to reconstruct which nodes were visited. - `runs/chvatal-8-partition-H20/` — the working directory for this partition:   - `chvatal-8.dimacs` — the CNF/DIMACS instance encoding the ground-set-8     Chvátal's conjecture search.   - `temp/`, `term/` — one entry per branch-and-bound leaf node, named by the     node's binary path from the root (e.g. `111110011010111110110`). Each     node has:     - `<node>.dimacs.mps` — the MILP relaxation solved at that node.     - `<node>.dimacs.txt` — a human-readable rendering of the instance.     - `<node>.dimacs.vipr` / `<node>.dimacs.vipr_ori` — the VIPR certificate       (`.vipr` is the finalized/compressed certificate; `.vipr_ori` is used       when SCIP did not get to write out the transformed certificate, and is       checked directly in that case).     - `<node>.dimacs.vipr_ori.checklog` / `<node>.dimacs.vipr.checklog` — the       `viprchk` output and verdict from the last time this certificate was       checked.     - `<node>.dimacsbanned.json`, `<node>.dimacsfamily.json` — solver       bookkeeping metadata for the node.   - `certificate_check_summary.json` — summary of the most recent full     `check_certificates.py` run: **2541/2541 certificates VERIFIED**. - This README.   ## How to check that the leaves form a valid partition   ``` python check_partition.py runs/chvatal-8-partition-H20/ H20_partition.log ```   This walks the branch-and-bound tree recorded in `H20_partition.log` starting from the root and confirms that every node was either branched on, pruned, or is present in `term/` — i.e. that no node was silently dropped and no node is double-counted. It should print `partition is complete`.   ## How to re-check the certificates   Re-checking requires the VIPR certificate checker `viprchk`, built from:   https://github.com/scipopt/vipr   `check_certificates.py` expects the built checker at `~/vipr/build/viprchk`, and needs `~/scipopt-exact/lib` (an exact-arithmetic SCIP/SoPlex build) on `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` for its shared libraries — the script sets this up automatically, given those two directories exist. See the VIPR repository's own README for build instructions for `viprchk`, and the SCIP/SoPlex documentation for building an exact-arithmetic (`EXACTSOLVE`) SCIP/SoPlex install at `~/scipopt-exact`.   Once `viprchk` is built:   ``` python check_certificates.py runs/chvatal-8-partition-H20/ -j <NUM THREADS> ```   This finds every `.vipr` certificate under the run directory (falling back to `.vipr_ori` when no `.vipr` sibling exists), checks each with `viprchk` in parallel, writes a `.checklog` next to each certificate, and writes an aggregate `certificate_check_summary.json` at the top of the run directory. A verdict of `VERIFIED` for every entry, combined with `check_partition.py` reporting a complete partition, together certify that the MILP sub-problems covering the entire ground-set-8 search space were solved and verified correctly.

Jujubinus vulgaris (Risso, 1826)SSH I – Fig. 6A–FTrochus vulgaris Risso, 1826: 129, 313 (no figure).Trochus dumerili Risso, 1826: 129, 315–316 (no figure).Trochus matonii Payraudeau,…

Jujubinus vulgaris (Risso, 1826)SSH I – Fig. 6A–FTrochus vulgaris Risso, 1826: 129, 313 (no figure).Trochus dumerili Risso, 1826: 129, 315–316 (no figure).Trochus matonii Payraudeau, 1827: 126–127, pl. vi figs 5–6.Trochus unidentatus Philippi, 1844: 150, pl. 25 fig. 8.Trochus monterosatoi Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1884: 367–368, pl. xliii figs 18–19.Jujubinus africanus Nordsieck, 1973: 10, pl. 1 fig. 7.DiagnosisShell of large size for the genus, elevated, thick, 3–4 spaced spiral cords, elevated and granulated, broad interspaces with strong prosocline lamellae, peripheral cord evident, high height/width ratio.Type materialLectotype of Trochus vulgaris Risso, 1826 FRANCE • dd; Nice; unknown locality (Nice, designated by Arnaud 1978); MNHN-IM-2000-31374.Type(s) of Trochus matonii Payraudeau, 1827 CORSICA • “L’Ile de Corse ”; lost (Virginie Héros, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, France, pers. com., 27 Oct. 2019).Type(s) of Trochus unidentatus Philippi, 1844 SICILY • “Siciliae”, probably in MNdHN (Santiago de Chile).Syntypes of Jujubinus striatus var. monterosatoi Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1884 FRANCE • 2 dd; Roussillon; MNHN-IM-2000-38199, MNHN-IM-2000-38200.Holotype of Jujubinus africanus Nordsieck, 1973 TUNISIA • dd; Djerba; SMF 341822.Other material examinedALGERIA • 7 dd; Alger; MCZR-M-11692 • 1 dd; Alger; (labelled “ Jujubinus quadrigranulatus ”); MCZR-M-11708 • 6 dd; Alger, Bone; MCZR-M-11720 • 1 dd; Oran; MCZR-M-11756 • 10 dd; Oran; MCZR-M-11775 • 2 dd; Oran; “ D’Oran ”; MCZR-M-11757 • 4 dd; Algeria; MCZR-M-11758.CORSICA • 3 lv; Petit Pain de Sucre; 42°44.7′ N; 9°28.00′ E; 19 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-4115 to 4117 • 3 lv; off Punta vecchia; 42°59.8′ N, 9°27.2′ E; 11 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-4187 to 4689 • 3 lv; Minelli; 42°42.7′ N, 9°27.5′ E; 17 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-4712 to 4714 • 1 lv; Grand Canyon; 42°44.2′ N, 9°28.0′ E; 29 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-4747 • 1 lv; North Bastia; 42°44.4′ N, 9°28.1′ E; 20 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5052 • 3 lv; La Louise; 42°41.4′ N, 9°27.2′ E; 19– 18 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5366 to 5368 • 1 lv; Le Sphinx; 42°43.3′ N, 9°14.9′ E; 17 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5398 • 2 lv; same data as for preceding; MNHN-IM-2019-5399, 5408 • 3 lv; Saint Florent; 42°42.3′ N, 9°19.2′ E; 3 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5497 to 5499 • 1 lv; North Bastia; 42°44.4′ N, 9°28.1′ E; 20 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5633 • 4 lv; Saint Florent; 42°41.8′ N, 9°18.3′ E; 10 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5641 to 5644 • 1 lv; Sec de Negru; 42°46.1′ N, 9°20.0′ E; 29– 16 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5645 • 1 lv; Chapeau du Gendarme; 42°43.0′ N, 9°15.9′ E; 29 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5646 • 1 lv; Sec de Negru; 42°46.1′ N, 9°20.0′ E; 26 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-5649 • 2 lv; Saint-Florent; 42°43.0′ N, 9°18.6′ E; 30 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5669, 5670 • 1 lv; Sec de Giraglia; 43°01.7′ N, 9°24.4′ E; 21 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5687 • 1 lv; Centuri depths; 42°59.3′ N, 9°17.8′ E; 21 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5886 • 1 lv; Centuri; 42°57.7′ N, 9°20.1′ E; 30 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5894 • 9 lv; Sec de Giraglia; 43°01.7′ N, 9°24.4′ E; 21 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-5900, 5901, 5914 to 5920 • 6 lv; Miomo; 42°44.7′ N, 9°28.0′ E; 16 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-6313, 6314, 6343 to 6346 • 3 lv; Punta Di U Capicciolu; 41°25.8′ N, 9°15.8′ E; 5–10 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-13092, 13093, 13258 • 2 lv; South of Lavezzi Is.; 41°18.6′ N, 9°15.4′ E; 15–32 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-13602, 13603 • 2 lv; off South coasts; 41°21.8′ N, 9°11.6′ E; 15– 18 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-13605, 13606 • 3 lv; Ficaghjola; 42°15.5′ N, 8°39.3′ E; 15 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-16476, 16477, 16488 • 1 lv; Cargèse Port; 42°07.9′ N, 8°35.8′ E; 7 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-16825 • 2 lv; Punta Scandola; 42°43.2′ N, 9°27.9′ E; 60 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-17050, 17051 • 1 lv; Gulf de Girolata; 42°19.2′ N, 8°36′ E; 30 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN- IM-2019-17651 • 1 lv; Punta Palazzu, Phoque-moine; 42°22.6′ N, 8°33.1′ E; 10–15 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2019-18107 • 3 dd; Provence and Corsica; “ Coste di Provenza e Corsica ” “ Jujubinus festivus ”; MCZR-M-11716.CROATIA • 2 lv; Rab Island; 15 m depth, Posidonia; CS-PM • 3 dd; Dalmazia; (labelled “ Jujubinus mixtus ”); MCZR-M-11702 • 17 dd; 1906; “ Adriatico ”; (labelled “ Jujubinus mixtus ”); MCZR-M-11702 • 16 dd; Velirat; MCZR-M-11707 • 2 dd; Velirat; 1910; MCZR-M-11707 • 21 dd; Velirat; MCZR-M-11724 • 9 dd; Velirat; (labelled “ Jujubinus alternans ”); MCZR-M-11728 • 10 dd; Velirat; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni mixta ”); MCZR-M-11750 • 1 dd; Velirat; MCZR-M-11770 • 5 dd; Dalmazia; (labelled “ Jujubinus monterosati ”); MCZR-M-11724 • 4 dd; Dalmazia; MCZR-M-11725 • 12 dd; Dalmazia; (labelled “ Jujubinus fusca ”); MCZR-M-11728 • 12 dd; Melada; MCZR-M-11740 • 6 dd; Dalmazia; (labelled “ Jujubinus peculiaris ”); MCZR-M-11746 • 3 dd; Dalmazia; MCZR-M-11747 • 1 dd; Puntebianche; (Dalmazia); MCZR-M-11756 • 1 dd; Velirat; MCZR-M-11770.FRANCE • 2 dd; Nice; MCZR-M-11720 • 4 dd; Toulon; MCZR-M-11745 • 6 dd; Toulon; MCZR-M-11761 • 6 dd; Bandol; ‘ Jujubinus elenchoides ’; MCZR-M-11771 • 8 dd; Cannes; MCZR-M-11758 • 7 dd; Cannes; MCZR-M-11769 • 1 dd; Corsica; MCZR-M-11735 • 1 lv; Saint-Raphaël, Varo; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2661.1 • 1 lv; Calanque de Figuerolles, La Ciotat; 36°34′18.7″ N, 26°30′14.3″ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2013-32744.GREECE • 9 dd; Gulf of Preveza; MCZR-M-11748 • 2 dd; Greece; (labelled “ Jujubinus tricolor ”); MCZR-M-11750 • 11 dd; Patras; MCZR-M-11751 • 2 dd; Patras; MCZR-M-11761 • 10 dd; Conemenos; MCZR-M-11707 • 1 dd; Kefalonia Island, Assos, port; 3 m depth; LT • 2 lv; Analipsi, Astypalea Is.; 36.575946° N, 26.393070° E; 0–1 m depth Posidonia; 28–30 Jun. 2017; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 1374, 1376 • 2 lv; Marmàri, Astypalea Is.; 36.564676° N, 26.353297° E; 0.2–0.5 m depth Posidonia; 23 Jun. 2017; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3038.1, 3028.2 • 1 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3039.1 • 1 lv; Analipsi, Astypalea Is.; 36.575946° N, 26.393070° E; 0–1 m depth Posidonia; 28–30 Jun. 2017; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 3042.1 • 1 lv; Halkidiki, Marmaras; 40°04′46.2″ N, 23°45′48.7″ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM - 2013-32749.ITALY • 1 lv; Giannutri Is., Punta Secca, stn. GMM 2; 42°15′41″ N, 11°06′24″ E; 12–13 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2668.1 • 2 lv; Giannutri Is.; 42°15′7.05″ N, 11°05′31.51″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 2, RM3 - Jex 3 • 4 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 1368.1 to 1368.4 • 1 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 1 • 2 lv; Giglio Is.; 42°22′7.82″ N, 10°55′5.11″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 4, RM3 - Jex 5 • 3 lv; Giglio Is., Cala Cupa; 42°22′06″ N, 10°55′12″ E; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2851.1 to 2851.3 • 2 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2910.1, 3 • 1 lv; Argentario, La Caletta; 42°26′40.73″ N, 11°6′51.84″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 10 • 1 lv; same data as for preceding; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 9 • 2 lv; Tarquinia; 42°26′40.73″ N, 11°06′51.84″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 11, RM3 - Jex 12 • 2 lv; Elba Is., Fetovaia; 42°43′58.1″ N, 10°09′13.1″ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2013-32666, 32667 • 13 dd; Elba Island, Lacona; 5 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 29 dd; Elba I., Porto Azzurro, Naregno; 3 m depth; bioclastic sediment; LT • 3 dd; Talamone, beached; CS-PM • 2 dd; Isola del Giglio; MCZR-M-11761 • 13 lv; Giglio Island; 15 m depth; Posidonia meadow; CS-PM • 13 lv; Giannutri Island; 15 m depth; Posidonia meadow; CS-PM • 34 dd; Torre Valdaliga; 25 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 27 dd; Santa Marinella; 20 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 250 dd; Santa Marinella; 0 m depth; beached, in bioclastic sediments; CS-PM • 71 dd; Santa Marinella; fishing boat; CS-PM • 5 dd; Santa Marinella; fishing nets, Posidonia residues; LT • 600 dd; Torre Valdaliga, Civitavecchia; 25 m depth; CS-PM • 9 dd; San Felice Circeo; 30 m depth; fishing nets; LT • 4 dd; San Felice Circeo; fishing nets, Posidonia residues; LT • 1 dd; San Felice Circeo; 40 m depth; fishing nets; LT • 1 dd; Anzio; MCZR-M-11733 • 50 dd; Ventotene Island; 18–20 m depth; CS-PM • 2 dd; Ventotene Island; fishing boat; CS-PM • 63 dd; Ventotene Island; 20 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 3 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11684 • 5 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11720 • 4 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11723 • 1 dd; “ Napoli?”; MCZR-M-11724 • 1 dd; Napoli; (labelled “ Jujubinus histris ”); MCZR-M-11724 • 12 dd; Napoli; (labelled “ Jujubinus histrionella ”); MCZR-M-11733 • 3 dd; Napoli; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni mitis ”); MCZR-M-11756 • 1 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11733 • 11 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11733 • 1 dd; Napoli; “ Jujubinus matoni ”; MCZR-M-11733 • 27 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11755 • 3 dd; Napoli; amidst sponges (“spugne”); MCZR-M-11758 • 1 dd; Napoli; 1918; “ Jujubinus micropictus ”; MCZR-M-11760 • 1 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11733 • 5 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11760 • 5 dd; Napoli?; MCZR-M-11776 • 1 dd; Napoli and Capri; MCZR-M-11733 • 8 dd; Capri; MCZR-M-11758 • 7 dd; Capri; MCZR-M-11759 • 1 dd; Capri; “ Jujubinus matoni ”; MCZR-M-11733 • 1 dd; Capri; MCZR-M-11735 • 1 dd; Napoli; MCZR-M-11733 • 4 dd; off Monte Conero; 0 m depth; beached; CS-PM • 67 dd + 13 dd; Marina di Camerota; 8 m depth; bioclastic sediment; LT • 1 dd; Brindisi; 3 m depth; algae; LT • 1 dd; Otranto; beached; CS-PM • 8 dd; Le Castella; 25 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 8 dd; Adriatic; “ Jujubinus similis ”; MCZR-M-11740 • 3 dd; Adriatic; “ Adriatico ” “ Jujubinus mixtus ”; MCZR-M-11769 • 4 dd; Adriatic; “ Jujubinus tristis ”; MCZR-M-11756 • 6 dd; Adriatic; MCZR-M-11758 • 1 dd; Adriatic?; “ Adriatico?”; MCZR-M-11762 • 3 dd; Trieste; MCZR-M-11735 • 3 dd; Trieste; MCZR-M-11747 • 1 dd; Porto Maurizio; “ Jujubinus insignis ”; MCZR-M-11746 • 3 dd; Porto Maurizio; MCZR-M-11746 • 1 dd; Porto Maurizio; 1917; MCZR-M-11761 • 2 dd; Porto Maurizio; MCZR-M-11766 • 4 dd; Chioggia; MCZR-M-11740 • 34 dd; unidentified locality; “ Romagnolo ”; MCZR-M-11691 • 2 dd; Molfetta; beached; CS-PM • 43 dd; Tricase Marina; 3 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 8 lv; Polignano; 20 m depth; amidst Posidonia; CS-PM • 80 dd; Santa Maria di Leuca; 15 m depth; CS-PM • 1 lv; S. Isidoro; 3 m depth; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 1678.MALTA • 14 lv; Gozo Island, Marsalforn, Xwejni Bay; 36°04′47.83″ N, 14°14′51.25″ E; CS-PM • 13 lv; Gozo Island, Xlendi Bay; 5 m depth; Cystoseira; CS-PM • 6 dd; Malta; MCZR-M-11721 • 5 lv; Malta; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2674.1 – 5.MOROCCO • 6 dd; Casablanca, Mazata, Mazaclon; MCZR-M-11767.PORTUGAL • 5 dd; Algarve; fishing boat; CS-PM.SARDINIA • 4 lv; Capo Carbonara; 5 m depth; MO • 10 lv; Cala d’Ambra; 1–5 m depth; MO • 22 dd; Golfo d’Arzachena; beached; CS-PM • 35 dd; La Maddalena Island; 25 m depth; bioclastic sediment; CS-PM • 1 dd; Bay of Cagliari; (labelled “ Jujubinus limulosus ”); MCZR-M-11712 • 1 dd; Alghero; MCZR-M-11718 • 2 dd; Alghero; MCZR-M-11756 • 1 dd; Cagliari; MCZR-M-11720 • 2 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11733 • 1 dd; Sardinia; labelled “ undulata ”; MCZR-M-11738 • 3 dd; Alghero; MCZR-M-11740 • 5 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11742 • 1 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11746 • 14 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11749 • 8 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11757 • 8 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11761 • 4 dd; Sardinia; MCZR-M-11761 • 3 dd; Sardinia; “ Jujubinus tricolor ”; MCZR-M-11761 • 8 lv; San Pietro Is.; 3 m depth; on Posidonia; CS-PM • 4 dd; Cagliari; MCZR-M-11733.SICILY • 22 dd; Palermo; “ Jujubinus tricolor ”; MCZR-M-11709 • 44 dd; Palermo; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni ”); MCZR-M-11717 • 1 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11718 • 94 dd; Port of Palermo; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni ”); MCZR-M-11719 • 6 dd; Palermo; (labelled “ Jujubinus giacobi ”); MCZR-M-11720 • 3 dd; Palermo; “fondo coralligeno”; MCZR-M-11723 • 1 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11724 • 6 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11735 • 15 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11745 • 9 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11749 • 1 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11749 • 7 dd; Palermo; MCZR-M-11758 • 2 dd; Palermo; (labelled “ Jujubinus tricolor ”); MCZR-M-11763 • 2 dd; Sciacca; MCZR-M-11773 • 3 dd; Favignana I.; beached; CS-PM • 7 dd; Favignana Is.; MCZR-M-11749 • 1 dd; Linosa I.; 2 m depth; Posidonia meadow; CS-PM • 1 dd; Lampedusa; 1901; (“spugne”); MCZR-M-11723 • 1 dd; Lampedusa; (labelled “ Jujubinus disperses ”); MCZR-M-11731 • 5 dd; Lampedusa; beached; CS-PM • 3 dd; Pantelleria Is., Scauri; 13 m depth; bioclastic sediment; LT • 1 dd; Ognina; MCZR-M-11721 • 1 dd; Ognina; MCZR-M-11759 • 3 dd; Messina; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni rupestris ”); MCZR-M-11721 • 9 dd; Messina; (labelled “ Jujubinus rupestris ”); MCZR-M-11721 • 2 dd; Messina; MCZR-M-11748 • 1 dd; Messina; MCZR-M-11749 • 2 dd; Messina; MCZR-M-11769 • 3 dd; Messina; (labelled “ Jujubinus incertus ”); MCZR-M-11776 • 16 dd; Lipari; MCZR, no number • 1 dd; Lipari; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni grossesculpta ”); MCZR-M-11738 • 20 dd; Lipari; (labelled “ Jujubinus inflammatus ”); MCZR-M-11742 • 11 dd; Palermo; “ J. matoni Pay Palermo! = vulgaris Risso ”; MCZR-M-11685 • 5 lv; San Vito Lo Capo; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 1677.2–6.SLOVENIJA • 2 lv; Izola; 45°32′51.4″ N, 13°42′12.9″ E; 4 m depth; on Posidonia meadow; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 -Jex7, RM3 -Jex8 • 1 lv; Izola; 45°32′51.4″ N, 13°42′12.9″ E; 4 m depth; on Posidonia meadow; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2071.1.SPAIN • 1 lv; Cabo de Palos, Murcia; 30 m depth; CS-PM • 3 dd; Tarifa; intertidal; tide pools, crabbed; CS-PM • 5 dd; Ibiza; “ Jujubinus monterosatoi ”; MCZR-M-11707 • 29 dd; Velirat and Valencia; vial with unique label, reading “ Jujubinus tricolor ”; MCZR-M-11807 • 31 dd; Valencia; 1915; “ Jujubinus matoni ”; MCZR-M-11734 • 13 dd; Valencia; 1915; “ Jujubinus matoni ”; MCZR-M-11734 • 8 dd; Valencia; “ Jujubinus crenulatus ”; MCZR-M-11749 • 2 dd; Mahón; MCZR-M-11748 • 5 dd; Valencia; “ Jujubinus tricolor ”; MCZR-M-11763 • 35 dd; Cádiz, Santa María; intertidal; tide beds; CS-PM • 1 lv; Benalmádena, Málaga; 36°34.7′ N, 4°30.9′ W; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2665 • 1 lv; Cabo de Palos, Murcia; 37°38′08.0″ N, 0°41′30.4″ W; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2013-32680 • 1 lv; Almería; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 13 • 1 lv; Tarifa; 36°0′14.16″ N, 5°36′21.32″ W; used for DNA sequencing; RM3 - Jex 6.TUNISIA • 3 dd; Sfax; MCZR-M-11684 • 1 dd; “ Coste d’Africa ”; MCZR-M-11746 • 8 dd; “ Coste d’Africa ”; MCZR-M-11761 • 21 dd; Sfax; MCZR-M-11761 •>30 dd; North of Zarzis; 33°36′28″ N, 11°04′04″ E; 0–7 m depth; MO • 2 dd; Djerba; 1 m depth; MO • 49 dd; Kerkennah Islands, Sidi Yousef; beached; CS-PM • 89 dd; Djerba Is.; beached; CS-PM • 3 dd; Djerba Island; Beached; LT • 7 dd; Djerba Island; upper infralittoral; ex Katy Nicolay coll; LT • 6 dd; Kerkennah Islands, W Gharbi Island, Sidi Youssef; 0.5 m depth; LT • 3 dd; Djerba Island; ex Mauro Pizzini coll; LT • 2 lv; Gremdi Is.; 34°45′50″ N, 11°19′55″ E; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2313.1, 2313.2 • 1 lv; Gharbi Is., Sidi Youssef; 34°45′50″ N, 11°19′55″ E; used for DNA sequencing; BAU 2315.1 • 1 lv; Djerba Is., Sidi Solimen; 34°02′ N, 11°05′ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2013-31944 • 1 lv; Djerba Is., Sidi Jmour; 33°49.88′ N, 10°44.83′ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2013-32107 • 1 lv; Djerba Is., Sidi Jmour; 33°49.88′ N, 10°44.83′ E; used for DNA sequencing; MNHN-IM-2013-32121 • 2 lv; Kerkennah Is., Sharqi Is.; 34°45′16.97″ N, 11°20′31.00″ E; used for DNA sequencing; RM3-Jk1A, RM3-Jk2 A.TURKEY • 2 lv; Bozcaada Island; 45 m depth; CS-PM • 4 lv; Datça, stn AKD92-02; MO • 10 dd; Datça; 36°42′16.6″ N, 27°40′52.3″ E; 8 m depth; under stones and brown algae; LT • 12 dd; Datça; 36°42′16.6″ N, 27°40′52.3″ E; 3–7 m depth; on brown algae; LT.UNPRECISED GEOGRAPHIC DATA • 5 dd; Mediterranean Sea; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni ”); MCZR-M-11761 • 3 dd; no data; (labelled “ Jujubinus matoni ”); MCZR-M-11750.Description (in parentheses data of the lectotype)SHELL. Shell of large size for the genus, height 5.9–12.6 (10.2) mm, width 4.7–7.3 (6.7) mm, height/ width ratio 1.25–1.86, conical, robust. Protoconch seemingly smooth, of ca 1 whorl, 0.21–0.22 mm in width. Teleoconch of 6–7 (6) slightly convex whorls. Sculpture of 3–5 (3) minutely granulose little closely set abapical spiral cords with wide interspaces of about the same strength, and peripheral cord evident formed by 1–5 (4) merged cordlets. Interspaces wide with strong prosocline lamellae. Suture incised. Base convex, with 6–9 concentric reddish or brown spiral cords white dotted and regularly spaced, umbilicus closed also in juveniles, covered with a white callus. Aperture quadrangular, with the columellar callus thickened in the middle portion. Interior of the aperture whitish, nacreous.COLOURATION. Colour of protoconch and initial teleoconch whorls reddish-greyish; remaining whorls and base white or whitish background with reddish brown to dark-brown or black prosocline or opisthocline lines or blotches of varying size irregularly arranged.SOFT PARTS. Epipodial tentacles grayish with a whitish stripe, covered by scattered very tiny whitish speckles. Foot background brownish or reddish mottled with longitudinal brown or red stripes and covered by white speckles; sole whitish or creamy. Cephalic tentacles grayish, with two dorsal darker stripes and covered by small light whitish speckles. Eye stalks brownish dorsally, whitish ventrally, covered by brown speckles; eyes black encircled by lighter crown, sometimes white ventrally. Snout brownish to reddish with a creamy terminal band.DistributionIn the Atlantic it is known with certainty only from Morocco, and Algarve (Portugal). In almost the entire Mediterranean Sea (e.g., Barash & Danin 1992: 34–35, fig. 31a; Portalatina 2008). Almost all records under Jujubinus exasperatus, living specimens at dephts from 1 to 35 m, rarely down to 60 m.RemarksRecords in the Atlantic from Scotland and the southernmost British Isles (Poppe & Goto 1991) to Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands (Bucquoy et al. 1882; Nordsieck 1968) are probably based on misidentifications. This is the commonest species of the genus in the Mediterranean Sea, very variable morphologically and chromatically. The name Jujubinus exasperatus has been largely employed for it, but Trochus exasperatus Pennant, 1777 was based on a different species (SSH II, see below). Therefore, many literature records of ‘ Jujubinus exasperatus ’ cannot be unequivocally ascribed to either species. Trochus vulgaris Risso, 1826 is the first available name for this species. Trochus matonii Payraudeau, 1827 is also this same species, and is the type of the genus Jujubinus: the type material (now lost) from Corsica was described as “maculis longitudinalibus angulosis albis et fuscis, aut albis et rubris picta” (Payraudeau 1827: 126– 127), clearly referring to two of the most common chromatic forms, with angular longitudinal blotches coloured in either dark and white, or red and white. For the date of publication of Payraudeau’s “ Catalogue descriptif ...” we refer to Falkner et al. (2002). The two figured specimens of Trochus monterosatoi (Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1884: pl. xliii figs 18–19) are clearly J. vulgaris, and the very B.D.D. put in the synonymy of their taxon also Trochus exasperatus var. excavata Monterosato, 1880. Jujubinus unidentatus (Philippi, 1844) and Jujubinus africanus Nordsieck, 1973 were based on a particular morphotype from Tunisia with light shell, ivory-whitish background with dark-brown to brown-reddish prosocline elongated flames, 5–8 weakly to minutely granulose spiral cords of varying size, base with 7–10 spiral cords with brown-reddish lines, and a very strong notch on the columella. The animal of this form has the same general chromatic pattern as the typical one but is homogeneously lighter and much fainter. The morphotype ‘ unidentatus attains a height of 7.8–10.1 mm, width 4.7–6.2 (ratio 1.42–1.86). See under J. exasperatus and J. pseudogravinae, for comparative remarks.

Revised key to species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 of the Ibero-Balearic region1. Granular dorsal integument .......................................................................................…

Revised key to species of Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908 of the Ibero-Balearic region1. Granular dorsal integument .............................................................................................................. 2– Smooth dorsal integument ................................................................................................................ 32. Trapezoidal telson ..................................................................................... T. hispana (Dollfus, 1893)– Triangular telson ...................................................................... T. cascaisensis Cifuentes et al., 20253. Pleon retracted in relation to pereon, small neopleura ..................................................................... 4– Pleon not retracted in relation to pereon, large neopleura ................................................................ 54. Fifth antennal segment thickened ................................................... T. anophthalma Arcangeli, 1935– Fifth antennal segment not thickened ........................................... T. buchnerorum (Verhoeff, 1942)5. Eyes formed of four ommatidia ........................................................................................................ 6– Without eyes ..................................................................................................................................... 76. Scale-setae along irregular transverse lines ............................................ T. silvestrii Arcangeli, 1936– Scale-setae along longitudinal lines ............................................ Trichorhina guadianensis sp. nov.7. Scale-setae along irregular transverse lines ................................ T. solorzanoi Cifuentes et al., 2025– Scale-setae along longitudinal lines .................................................................................................. 88. Posterior margin of pereonite 1 weakly sinuous ............................... T. ornata Cifuentes et al., 2025– Posterior margin of pereonite 1 convex ............................................................................................ 99. Male pleopod exopod 1 oval ........................................................... Trichorhina malacitana sp. nov.– Male pleopod exopod 1 heart-shaped ......................................... Trichorhina guadianensis sp. nov.

A speech-level corpus of Turkish Grand National Assembly (TBMM) parliamentary proceedings covering 4 January 1950 through 23 April 2023 — Turkey's post-1950 parliamentary era, including periods …

A speech-level corpus of Turkish Grand National Assembly (TBMM) parliamentary proceedings covering 4 January 1950 through 23 April 2023 — Turkey's post-1950 parliamentary era, including periods of democratic competition, military interruption, and constituent assemblies. The corpus contains 2,418,313 speaker turns across five chambers (TBMM, Millet Meclisi, Senato, Danışma Meclisi, MGK). Version 1.1 introduces a redesigned record-linkage pipeline. A failure-mode analysis of v1.0 revealed a candidate-generation ordering error: the matcher tested name uniqueness across the entire roster before applying the legislative-term filter, so MPs serving multiple terms were discarded as ambiguous before scoring. Three deterministic rescue passes correct this — exact name+term matching with province used only for disambiguation; title-stripping, initial-expansion and ordered-token-subsequence name variants; and historical-party completion. No fuzzy string matching is used. Party linkage rises from 58.8% to 84.2% of eligible speaker turns (1,005,329 turns; identity linkage 84.25%, 1,006,117 turns). The analytical core grows from 136,118 to 233,435 floor speeches (82.9 million words, 6,547 unique linked speakers, 30 parties). Decade-level party linkage now reaches 93.5% (1990s), 96.0% (2000s), 92.3% (2010s) and 97.3% (2020s); the bicameral era (1960s–70s) remains lower because the MP roster does not cover the Senate. A stratified manual validation of 180 newly linked turns yields a conservative precision estimate of 98.3% (177 confirmed correct, none confirmed incorrect, three unresolved pending roster verification). An independent automated release audit — covering file integrity, core-definition compliance, coverage, selection bias, text quality and linkage logic — ships with this version and reports zero failures. The audit also identified 161 core rows whose length is inflated by parsing artifacts (end-of-sitting annexes attached to the final speaker turn); these are preserved but flagged row-level in known_issue_rows.csv. The corpus combines two sources. For 1950–2018 it builds on the Turkronicles OCR archive (Yazar et al. 2025, CC BY 4.0), adding speaker-turn segmentation, role classification, MP–party linkage, gender annotation and confidence tiers. For the 27th Legislative Term (2018–2023) it contributes an original extraction of 314,899 speaker turns from 537 official Word-format session transcripts published by TBMM. Speech text, boundaries and all v1.0 linkage layers are unchanged; v1.0 remains archived under its own DOI for reproducibility. This release adds a stable speech_id, a self-contained METHODS document, a data dictionary, a match-layer dictionary, a party crosswalk, year-level linkage reports, row-level issue flags, the validation sample, and a SHA-256 manifest. Known limitations are documented in the README. Released under CC BY 4.0.

This article proposes a composite assessment methodology for quantitatively measuring the maturity of internalaudit functions in commercial banks. The methodology comprises twenty indicators grouped i…

This article proposes a composite assessment methodology for quantitatively measuring the maturity of internalaudit functions in commercial banks. The methodology comprises twenty indicators grouped into four dimensions: organisationaland institutional, methodological, human resources, and technological. It incorporates a scoring scale with indicator-specificverbal anchors, theoretically justified weighting coefficients, and a four-level maturity classification. The objectivity andreplicability of the methodology are supported by a two-source assessment procedure combining a structured questionnairewith documentary analysis, as well as by a conservative scoring rule, a minimum-threshold mechanism, and sensitivity analysis.The study also develops a four-dimensional framework for identifying factors that constrain the development of internalaudit and links these factors to corresponding improvement measures. A feedback mechanism is proposed to transform theassessment process into a continuous management cycle.

Commits d8e88f7: improve nested tensor attention (Zhiyuan Chen) #16 0c7b41d: refactor RNA secondary structure post-processing (Zhiyuan Chen) c0d83da: sync DanLing update (Zhiyuan Chen) 6f7fca8: impro…

Commits d8e88f7: improve nested tensor attention (Zhiyuan Chen) #16 0c7b41d: refactor RNA secondary structure post-processing (Zhiyuan Chen) c0d83da: sync DanLing update (Zhiyuan Chen) 6f7fca8: improve split in IPknot++ dataset (Zhiyuan Chen) afe22fa: add read_ct (Zhiyuan Chen) 85b0b34: fix pseudoknots in RNAStrAlign/ArchiveII (Zhiyuan Chen) c62b3d8: remove brutal assert on vocab size in rnafm (Zhiyuan Chen) 40d9a7a: add ESMC model (Zhiyuan Chen) a0a441e: fix regulatory config initialization (Zhiyuan Chen) e640ef2: rename initialized -> materialized (Zhiyuan Chen)